Kiwifruit a Hidden Gem of Numerous Health Benefits

Kiwifruit, also known as the “Chinese gooseberry,” is a deciduous vine crop widely cultivated across the globe. It is primarily grown in China, New Zealand, Italy, Japan, Australia, the United States, France, Chile, and Spain. In Africa, kiwi farming is emerging, with Kenya, for instance, retailing a single kiwi fruit for approximately 100 KES (1.16 USD).

In Kenya, the kiwifruit is named after the “Kiwi” bird due to their similarity in appearance. This fruit is becoming popular worldwide due to its notable health benefits. It can be enjoyed fresh or combined with other fruits in salads and desserts.

The rising demand for kiwifruit has fueled commercial farming, as it can yield profits with minimal investment and management. Aside from being consumed fresh, kiwifruit is also used in producing beverages such as squashes and flavored wines.

Market Potential and Nutritional Value

Kiwifruit has excellent market potential, given its versatility and nutritional profile. Besides its consumption as fresh fruit and in salads, it is a valued ingredient in beverages and wine. Kiwifruit is rich in vitamins B and C, as well as essential minerals like potassium, phosphorus, and calcium, which support overall health.

Botanical Information and Cultivation Requirements

The scientific name for kiwifruit is Actinidia deliciosa, and it belongs to the Actinidiaceae family. Proper irrigation is essential for successful cultivation. Frequent watering is needed throughout the growth period, especially during dry seasons, with an interval of 10–14 days generally recommended.

However, water should be supplied based on plant needs to optimize fruit production. Over-watering should be avoided to prevent excessive foliage growth, which may lead to mulching. Mulching, in turn, can reduce water evaporation and help control weeds.

Soil nutrient management is also crucial for high yields. Prior to planting, adding 25 kg of farmyard manure per plant to the soil helps enrich it with organic matter. Each year, up to five years after planting, 500 grams of a nutrient mixture containing 40% nitrogen, 30% phosphorus, and 30% potash should be applied per plant.

Beyond the five-year mark, annual applications of 1 kg nitrogen, 0.5 kg phosphorus, and 1 kg potash significantly enhance fruit production. Chlorine is another necessary nutrient for optimal root and shoot growth.

Health Benefits of Kiwifruit

Regular consumption of kiwifruit offers numerous health benefits:

• High Antioxidant Content: Kiwifruit is a rich source of vitamins C and E, which serve as powerful antioxidants.
• Anti-Aging and Skin Health: Its nutrients help improve skin texture and slow aging.
• Respiratory Health: Kiwifruit may support respiratory function.
• Eye Health: It helps protect against various eye conditions.
• Digestive Health: It promotes digestion, which is essential for overall health.
• Cardiovascular Benefits: Regular intake supports heart health.
• Bone Health: The vitamin K in kiwifruit contributes to strong bones.
• Improved Sleep: Serotonin in kiwifruit aids in sleep regulation.
• Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties: Kiwifruit has properties that combat bacterial and fungal infections.
• Cancer Prevention: Both the fruit and roots may inhibit the growth of cancer cells in the liver, lung, and colon.

With its expanding market potential and diverse health benefits, kiwifruit is a valuable crop for both commercial growers and health-conscious consumers.